NCERT Exemplar Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate

NCERT Exemplar Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate of NCERT Exemplar Class 7 Science. Here we have given NCERT Exemplar Class 7 Science Solutions Chapter 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate

NCERT Exemplar Class 7 Science Solutions Chapter 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
The maximum and minimum temperature displayed daily in the weather bulletin refer to the
(a) highest day temperature and lowest night temperature of the day.
(b) highest day temperature and highest night temperature of the month.
(c) temperature recorded at 12 noon and at midnight (00.00 hrs).
(d) average highest temperature of day and average lowest temperature of night.
Solution:
None of the options is correct. The maximum temperature of the day occurs in the afternoon while the minimum temperature occurs at the time of dawn.

Question 2.
Out of the given definitions, which is the most appropriate definition of climate?
(a) Changes in weather conditions in a year
(b) Average weather pattern of many years
(c) Change in weather pattern in a few years
(d) Weather conditions during summer
Solution:
(b)

Question 3.
Which of the following briefly describes the desert climate?
(a) Hot and humid
(b) Dry and humid
(c) Hot and dry
(d) Hot and wet
Solution:
(c)

Question 4.
Paheli went to a wildlife sanctuary where she saw dense vegetation of trees, shrubs, herbs and also a variety of animals like monkeys, birds, elephants, snakes, frogs, etc. The most likely location of this sanctuary is in the
(a) temperate region
(b) tropical region
(c) polar region
(d) coastal region.
Solution:
(b)

Question 5.
Given below are some adaptive features of animals.
(i) Layer of fat under the skin
(ii) Long, curved and sharp claws
(iii) Slippery body
(iv) Thick white fur
Which of them are the adaptive features of a polar bear?
(a) (i) only
(b) (i) and (ii) only
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) only
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv)
Solution:
(d) The body of polar bear is covered with thick white fur which helps the animal to camouflage with the snow. Thick layer of fat insulates the body from cold and long, curved and sharp claws provide good grip and help them to walk on ice.

Question 6.
Which of the following statements is incorrect for penguins? –
(a)They huddle together.
(b)They cannot swim.
(c)They have webbed feet.
(d)They have streamlined body.
Solution:
(b) Penguins are good swimmers. They have streamlined bodies and webbed feet that help them in swimming.

Question 7.
Read the following environmental conditions of tropical rainforests.
(i) Hot and humid climate
(ii) Unequal lengths of day and night
(iii) Abundant rainfall
(iv) Abundant light and moisture
Identify the conditions from the above list that are responsible for the presence of large number of plants and animals in tropical rain forests.
(a) (i)and(ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Solution:
(c) The tropical regions generally have a hot and humid climate because of its location around the equator. These regions get plenty of rainfall. These climatic conditions are highly suitable for supporting an enormous number and variety of animals. In tropical rainforest areas days and night are almost equal in length throughout the year.

Question 8.
The coldest region on earth is the
(a) polar region
(b) tropical region
(c) temperate region
(d) coastal region.
Solution:
(a) Polar regions are very cold regions which are covered with snow. In winters the temperature can drop to as low as -37°C.

Question 9.
Choose the odd one from the following options,
(a) Thick layer of fat under the skin
(b) White fur
(c) Long grasping tail
(d) Wide and large feet with sharp claws
Solution:
(c) Long grasping tail is the adaptive feature of animals living in tropical rain¬forest e.g., monkey, whereas thick layer of fat under the skin, white fur and wide and large feet with sharp claws are adaptive features of polar region animals e.g., polar bear. Thick layer of fat under the skin provides insulation against cold. White fur colour helps them to camouflage with the snow and wide and large feet with sharp claws help them to move on ice.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 10.
“A Fish dies when taken out of water whereas a wall lizard will die if kept under water.” Mention the term used to describe such abilities that allow fish and lizard to survive in their respective habitats.
Solution:
Adaptation is the term used to describe such abilities that allow fish and lizard to I survive in their respective habitats. Adaptation is the adjustment shown in the structure or functioning of an organism that make it better suited to its changed environment. Due to lack of certain adaptation a fish dies when taken out of water whereas a wall lizard will die if kept under water.

Question 11.
Give one example of an animal that can live both in water and on land.
Solution:
Frog

Question 12.
State whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the false statements.
(a) It is easy to predict weather rather than
(b) Since very few prey are available, polar bear does not need to have strong sense of smell.
(c) Penguins stick together to fight the cold polar climate.
(d) Tropical rainforests are cool and humid throughout the year because of heavy rains all the time.
Solution:
(a) False – It is easy to predict the climate rather than weather.
(b) False – Polar bear needs to have a strong sense of smell because in polar region very few prey are available so keen sense of smell helps them to catch the prey.
(c) True
(d) False – Tropical rainforests are hot and humid throughout the year because of heavy rains all the time.

Question 13.
Unscramble the following words using the hints given against them.
(i) MATLICE (Hint: weather pattern in a region over a period of time)
(ii) AROPL (Hint: coolest region on earth)
(iii) TREHMEOMRET (Hint: used to measure temperature)
(iv) UHIDYTMI (Hint: feature of weather)
Solution:
(i) CLIMATE
(ii) POLAR
(iii) THERMOMETER
(iv) HUMIDITY

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 14.
Match the animals mentioned in column I with their characteristic features given in column II

Column 1		Column II
(a)	Red-eyed frog	(i)	Very sensitive hearing
(b)	Penguin	(ii)	Streamlined body
(c)	Tiger	(iii)	Silver-white mane
(d)	Lion-tailed macaque	(iv)	Sticky pads on feet

Solution:
(a) (iv)
(b) (ii)
(c)(i)
(d) (iii)

Question 15.
Why is it difficult to predict the weather of a place while it is easy to predict its climate?
Solution:
Weather is a very complex phenomenon as it is affected by number of factors and is not easy to predict. Climate is determined by limited factors like – distance from the equator (latitude), height above sea level, distance from the sea or from high mountain ranges, wind and amount of moisture in the air. Weather change from day to day and even from hour to hour. It may be sunny in the morning but suddenly may get overcast and start raining heavily in the afternoon whereas climate changes after years. Climate is average weather pattern taken over a long time say 25 years, thus climate is easier to predict.

Question 16.
Name two animals each that live in Polar region and Tropical rainforests.
Solution:
Polar regions – polar bear, penguin, reindeer, musk oxen etc. Tropical rainforests – red-eyed frog, elephants, lion-tailed macaque etc.

Question 17.
Write two common adaptive features of a polar bear which help in keeping it warm.
Solution:
Common adaptive features of a polar bear which help in keeping it warm are:
(i) Two thick layer of fine fur covering the body, traps air (which is an insulator of heat) and keep it warm.
(ii) A layer of fat under the skin provide excellent insulation and keep it warm.

Question 18.
Mention two adaptive features of penguin that help it in swimming.
Solution:
Two adaptive features of penguins that help it in swimming are as follows :
(i) streamlined body
(ii) webbed feet.

Question 19.
Differentiate between:
(i) Weather and climate
(ii) Humidity and rainfall
(iii) Climates of polar region and tropical rain forest
(iv) Maximum and minimum temperatures of the day
Solution:
(i)

	Weather	Climate
(a)	Weather is day- to-day conditions of the atmosphere at a place with regard to factors like temperature, humidity, rainfall, speed and direction of wind, etc.	Climate is the average weather pattern of a place taken over a long time, say 25 years or more.
(b)	Weather changes from day to day and even from hour to hour.	Climate changes in a long period of time.

(ii)

	Humidity	Rainfall
(a)	Humidity indicates the wetness of a place due to amount of moisture in the atmosphere.	Rainfall is the drops of water that fall from clouds on the ground.
(b)	Humidity is measured by an instrument called hygrometer.	Rainfall is measured by rain gauge.

(iii)

	Polar	Tropical Rain­forest
(a)	Polar regions are very cold region.	Tropical rainforests have a hot and wet climates.
(b)	In winters temperature can drop to as low as ‘-37°C.	In winters temperature is generally higher than 15°C.

(iv)

	Maximum temperature	Minimum temperature
(a)	Maximum temperature indicates highest recorded temperature.	Minimum temperature indicates lowest recorded temperature.
(b)	Maximum temperature of the day normally occurs in the afternoon as the earth gets heated by the sun.	Minimum temperature occurs early in the morning.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 20.
Fill in the blanks in the paragraph given below.
Weather of a place is the day to day condition of the ___(a)____ with respect to ___(b)____ , ___(c)____ , ___(d)____,  ___(e)_____JeL at that place, while climate is the ___(f)____weather pattern taken over many years
Solution:
(a) atmosphere
(b) temperature
(c) humidity
(d) rainfall
(e) windspeed
(f) average

Question 21.
Given below is a list of climatic conditions and some examples of animals. Read them carefully and place the items in the relevant columns as shown.
Penguin, Gorilla, Monkey, Reindeer, Assam, Greenland, Sun does not rise for six months. Hot and humid climate. Days and nights are almost equal in length throughout the year. Winter temperature around -37°C, Western Ghats.

Tropical rainforest	Polar region
• Hot and humid climate	• Penguin

Solution:

Tropical rainforest	Polar region
Hot and humid climate	Penguin
Gorilla	Reindeer
Monkey	Greenland
Assam	Sun does not rise for six months
Day and night are almost equal in length throughout the year	Winter temperature around -37°C
Western Ghats

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