Resource and Development Class 10 MCQs Questions with Answers
Question 1.
Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option:
The burial ground is a …………………..
(a) community-owned resource
(b) national resource
(c) individual resource
(d) international resource
Answer:
(a) community-owned resource
Question 2.
Which of the following elements/minerals is the black soil deficient in?
(a) Calcium carbonate
(b) Magnesium
(c) Potash
(d) Phosphoric contents
Answer:
(d) Phosphoric contents
Question 3.
Which of the following soils are formed by intense leaching?
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Red soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Desert soil
Answer:
(c) Laterite Soil
Explanation: Lateritic soils are mostly deep to very deep, acidic (pH < 6.0), generally deficient in plant nutrients and occur mostly in southern states, the Western Ghats region of Maharashtra, Odisha, some parts of West Bengal, and the North-east region.
Question 4.
Match the items in column A with that of Column B.
| Column A | Column B |
| (A) Potential | (I) Solar Energy |
| (B) Stock | (II) Ponds |
| (C) Individual | (III) Wind energy in Rajasthan |
| (D) Renewable | (IV) Hydrogen |
Answer:
(a) (A) – (II), (B) – (IV), (C) – (I), (D) – (III)
(b) (A) – (IV), (B) – (III), (C) – (II), (D) – (I)
(c) (A) – (III), (B) – (I), (C) – (IV), (D) – (II)
(d) (A) – (I), (B) – (III), (C) – (II), (D) – (I)
Question 5.
What is the arrangement of soil in different layers or horizons known as?
(a) Soil Composition
(b) Soil Erosion
(c) Soil Profile
(d) Soil Texture
Answer:
(c) Soil Profile
Question 6.
Which of the following is a name given to an area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus net sown area?
(a) Net sown area
(b) Forest cover
(c) Wasteland
(d) Gross cropped area
Answer:
(d) Gross cropped area
Question 7.
Which of the following contexts was advocated on the international level for the first time the conservation of the resource?
(a) The Club of Rome advocated resource conservation for the first time in a more systematic way in 1968.
(b) The Brundtland Committee Report published it.
(c) It was discussed in an Indian Affairs with America Discussion.
(d) It was discussed through a book called Small is Beautiful.
Answer:
(a) The Club of Rome advocated resource conservation for the first time in a more systematic way in 1968.
Question 8.
The soil has a self-aeration capacity.
(a) Alluvial
(b) Red soil
(c) Black soil
(d) Mountain soil
Answer:
(c) Black Soil
Question 9.
India’s territorial water extends up to a distance of :
(a) 22.5 Nautical Miles
(b) 12 Nautical miles
(c) 19.2 Nautical miles
(d) 200 nautical miles
Answer:
Question 10.
Red soil is mostly found in:
(a) Parts of Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Upper Ganga Plains
(c) Eastern and Southern part of Deccan Plateau
(d) Piedmont zone of Western Ghats
Answer:
(d) Piedmont zone of Western Ghats
Explanation: Yellow and red soils are also found in parts of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, southern parts of the middle Ganga plain, and along the piedmont of the Western Ghats.
Question 11.
Which of the following is not important for soil formation?
(a) Relief
(b) Parent rock
(c) Climate
(d) Duration of sunlight in a day
Answer:
(d) Duration of sunlight in a day
Question 12.
In which of the following state is black soil found?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Gujarat
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Jharkhand [Diksha]
Answer:
(b) Gujarat
Explanation: Black soil is mainly found in Gujarat and Maharashtra states of India. This soil is considered good for the cotton crop and so is known as ‘black cotton soil’ or ‘regur soil’.
Related theory
Black soil is typical of the Deccan trap (Basalt) region spread over northwest Deccan plateau and is made up of lava flows. Black soils are well-known for their capacity to hold moisture.
Question 13.
Which of the following is not a measure to reduce soil erosion?
(a) Creating deep channels (gullies)
(b) Contour plowing
(c) Strip cropping
(d) Planting of shelterbelts
Answer:
Question 14.
Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put?
(a) Replenishable
(b) Abiotic
(c) Human-made
(d) Non-recyclable
Answer:
(a) Replenishable
Explanation: Replenishable resources are also known as renewable resources. Solar energy, wind energy, water, thermal and tidal energy are the examples of replenishable resources.
Related Theory
Abiotic: These are the type of resources that are derived from nonliving things in the environment such as sunlight, air, etc.
Human-made: These are also known as capital resources which are created by humans such as money, infrastructure etc.
Non-recyclable: These resources are those substances which cannot be used again in any form.
Question 15.
The Rio Convention endorsed the Global Forest Principles and adopted which of the following for achieving Sustainable Development in the 21st century?
(a) Agenda 21
(b) Agenda 22
(c) Agenda 20
(d) Agenda 25
Answer:
(a) Agenda 21
Explanation: Agenda 21 aims at achieving global sustainable development. It is an agenda to combat environmental damage, poverty, disease through global cooperation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities.
Related Theory
One major objective of the Agenda 21 is that every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.
Question 16.
Which of the following book includes ‘Gandhian Philosophy’ on conservation of resources?
(a) Small is Beautiful
(b) Our Common Future
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Small is Beautiful
Explanation: In 1974, Gandhian philosophy was presented by Schumacher in his book ‘Small is Beautiful.’
Related Theory
Gandhi ji was very apt in voicing his concern about resource conservation in his words:”There is enough for everybody’s need and not for any body’s greed.” He was against mass production and wanted to replace it with production by the masses.
Question 17.
In which of the following states is the terrace cultivation practiced?
(a) Punjab
(b) Haryana
(c) Plains of Uttar Pradesh
(d) Uttarakhand [Diksha]
Answer:
(d) Uttarakhand
Explanation: In hilly areas, steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces on which terrace cultivation is practiced. Terrace cultivation restricts soil erosion in hilly areas such as Uttarakhand.
Question 18.
Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised are called
(a) Potential
(b) Developed
(c) Stock
(d) Reserve
Answer:
(a) Potential
Explanation: Resources which are found in a region but have not been utilised to their full capacity are called potential resources. For example, Rajasthan and Gujarat have huge potential for the development of wind and solar energy, but so far these have not been developed properly.
Related Theory
Resources surveyed and determined for utilisation are called Developed Resources. Development of resources depends upon the technology being used to determine and exhaust their quantity and quality. Useful resources which are not being used to their complete capacity due to lack of technology are called Stock. For example, hydet energy in most countries.
Reserves are subsets of the stock: which can be used with the help of existing technical know-how’. Their use has not yet begun. For example, energy of water stored in dams.
Question 19.
The village of Sukhomajri and the district of Jhabua have shown that it is possible:
(a) To reverse land degradation
(b) To reverse economic prosperity
(c) To reserve water
(d) All of these
Answer:
(a) To reverse land degradation
Explanation: People’s management is essentiaL for ecological restoration. For example, tree density in Sukhomajri increased from 13 per hectare in 1976 to 1272 per hectare in 1992.
Related Theory
Sukhomajri village is located in Madhya Pradesh.
Question 20.
Which of the following soils are more common in piedmont plains such as Duars, Chos and Terai?
(a) Black soil
(b) Alluvial soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Alluvial Soil
Question 21.
In which of the following state deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation?
(a) Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh
(b) Gujarat, Rajasthan, Odisha
(c) Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
Question 22.
Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises. Which of the following is NOT associated to this statement?
(a) Global warming
(b) Ozone layer maintenance
(c) Environmental pollution
(d) Land degradation
Answer:
Question 23.
Choose the feature which is NOT associated with Arid soils:
(a) These soils develop a reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks
(b) In some areas the salt content is very high and common salt is obtained from these soils
(c) The lower horizon of the soil is occupied by Kankar nodules
(d) These soils become cultivable after proper irrigation.
Answer:
(a) These soils develop a reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks
Question 24.
Which one of the following is an example of Cultivable Wasteland?
(a) Gross cropped Area
(b) Uncultivable Land
(c) Barren Wasteland
(d) Current fallow Land
Answer:
(b) Uncultivable Land.
Identify the following on basis of the hints given in each question.
Question 25.
Identify the soil:
(1) It develops under tropical and subtropical climates with an alternate wet and dry season.
(2) Mostly deep to very deep, acidic (pH<6.0), generally deficient in plant nutrients
(3) It is humus rich, but under sparse vegetation and in a semi-arid environment, it is generally humus poor.
(4) They are prone to erosion.
Answer:
Question 26.
Identify the soil:
(1) It consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.
(2) Soil particles appear somewhat bigger in size when we move closer to the river valley.
(3) Such soils are more common in piedmont plains such as Duars, Chos and Terai.
Answer:
Alluvial Soil
Correct & Rewrite/ True-False
State whether the following statements are True or False. If false, correct the statement.
Question 27.
Resources that are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation are called potential resources.
Answer:
False.
Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation are called developed resources.
Related Theory
Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utitised are called Potential Resources.
Question 28.
Forest area in the country is far better than the desired 33 per cent of geographical area.
Answer:
Forest area in the country is far lower than the desired 33 per cent of geographical area.
Question 29.
The black soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.
Answer:
Fill in the blanks with suitable information:
Question 30.
Laterite soil is very useful for growing …………….among other beverage crops.
Answer:
tea
Explanation: After adopting appropriate soil conservation techniques particularly in the hilly areas of Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, tea can be grown.
Question 31.
The ………………….. soils texture varies according to the mountain environment where they are formed.
Answer:
Forest
Question 32.
The land becomes unfit for cultivation and is called ………………
Answer:
Badland
Question 33.
With people being made the decision-makers by the Madhya Pradesh government, 2.9 million hectares or about 1 per cent of India’s land area, are being greened across the state through ……………….
Answer:
Watershed management
Question 34.
Resource on the basis of exhaustibility
| Resource | Examples/Type |
| (a) ____________ | Solar and wind energy |
| (b) ____________ | Mineral and fossil fuels |
Answer:
(a) Renewable resources
(b) Non-Renewable resources
Explanation: The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources. For example, solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc.
Resources which get exhausted with use, can not be reproduced or rejuvenated and take millions of years to form are called non-renewable resources. For example, minerals and fossil fuels.
Question 35.
Sustainable development encourages usage of…………… energy resources.
Answer:
Question 36.
The running water cuts through the clayey soil and makes deep channels. This is called……………..
Answer:
Gully erosion
Question 37.
Complete the following table with the correct information with regards to types of resources:
| Resource | Examples |
| Biotic | (A) ? |
| (B) ? | Water |
Answer:
(A) Forests
(B) Abiotic
Explanation: Biotic Resources are obtained from the biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock, etc. All those things which are composed of non-living things are called abiotic resources. For example, rocks and metals.
Question 38.
………………… soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast.
Answer:
Alluvial Soil
Explanation: This is the most widely spread and fertile soil. These have been deposited by three important Himalayan river systems the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra, all of which flow towards the eastern coast of the country.
Match the Columns Choose the correct pairs:
Question 39.
Match the following terms from column A with their explanation from column B:
| Column A (Terms) | Column B (Explanation) |
| (a) Bangar | (i) New alluvial |
| (b) Khadar | (ii) Old alluvial |
| (c) Regur | (iii) Arable land left without cultivation for a year or more |
| (d) Fallow Land | (iv) Cotton soil |
Answer:
Question 40.
Match the following efforts of resource conservation from column A with years from column B:
| Column A (Resource Conservation Efforts) | Column B (Years) |
| (a)The Club of Rome advocated resource conservation | (i) 1992 |
| (b) Gandhi on Philosophy presented in Small is Beautiful | (ii) 1987 |
| (c) Brundtt and Commission Report on ‘Sustainable Development | (iii) 1974 |
| (d) Earth Summit at Rio de Janeiro | (iv) 1968 |
Answer:
| Column A (Resource Conservation Efforts) | Column B (Years) |
| (a)The Club of Rome advocated resource conservation | (iv) 1968 |
| (b) Gandhi on Philosophy presented in Small is Beautiful | (iii) 1974 |
| (c) Brundtt and Commission Report on ‘Sustainable Development | (ii) 1987 |
| (d) Earth Summit at Rio de Janeiro | (i) 1992 |
Assertion Reasoning questions Class 10 Geography Chapter 1
In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is given followed by a corresponding statement of Reason (R). Select the correct answers to codes (a), (b), (c), or (d) as given below:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
(d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct.
Question 41.
Assertion (A): Human beings interact with nature through technology and create institutions to accelerate their economic development.
Reason (R): Resources are essential for human development.
Answer:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Resources help us develop economically. All economic activities are dependent on resources. Hence, it is through institutions like factories, organizations etc that humans are able to exploit and use natural resources.
Question 42.
Assertion (A): Public parks, picnic spots, playgrounds in urban areas are community-owned resources.
Reason (R): They are accessible to all the people living there.
Answer:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Question 43.
Assertion (A): An equitable distribution of resources has become essential for sustained quality of life and global peace.
Reason (R): They promote equality among classes.
Answer:
Question 44.
Assertion (A): Resources are vital for human survival as well as for maintaining the quality of life.
Reason (R): We cannot breathe without them.
Answer:
(c) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
Explanation: We can breathe without resources but they are essential for survival because they help us develop and attain new avenues.
Question 45.
Assertion (A): Rich resources in colonies were the main attractions for the foreign invaders.
Reason (R): Foreign invaders exploited these resources through better technologies and earned wealth through this drain.
Answer:
Question 46.
Assertion (A): The pattern of net sown area varies greatly from one state to another.
Reason (R): The land under permanent pasture has decreased.
Answer:
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Different states have different net sown area. Over 80 per cent of the total area in Punjab and Haryana and 10 percent in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman Nicobar Islands.