Wellbeing, Freedom and Social Justice The Capability Approach Re-Examined Index

Index abortion 15 , 145 advantage 25 , 26 , 38 agency 63 , 86 , 108 , 139 accounts of 64 definition 63 , Anna 120 , 121 , Sabina 15 , 44 , 52 , 72 , 177 , 187 , 198 analysis conceptual 27 descriptive 27 evaluative 27 explanatory 27 normative 27 Anderson , Elizabeth 31 , 155 , 156 animals , 39 Aristotle 24 , 177 aspirations 63 , 122 , 128 , 131 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , Linda 166 Barry , Brian 149 , 151 , 158 , 40 , Antoinette 76 Berlin , Isaiah 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , Tania 73 , 112 , 131 , 134 , 140 , 142 , 168 , Morten 71 capabilities 38 as freedoms 39 , 98 , 102 , 105 as opportunities 39 basic 93 , 94 , 95 collective 115 , 116 , 117 combined 93 , 94 community 115 conceptual properties 40 definition 39 of 146 general 95 general versus specific 96 individual 116 internal 93 list of 30 , 171 multiple 97 personal 117 robustness 97 selecting 30 , 34 , 61 , 62 , 157 value neutrality 42 capability analysis different modes of 35 , 143 capability approach added value 16 , 143 applications , 11 cartwheel model 36 definition , 23 limitations of 216 modular view of 23 , 36 , 74 , 77 , 85 , 117 , 212 multidimensional narrow versus broader interpretation 84 specifying 29 versus capability theory 22 , 29 , 30 , 194 visualisation 82

252 Wellbeing , Freedom and Social capability set 84 , 91 , 102 interdependent 84 capability theory 37 , 211 hybrid 76 logically possible but empirically implausible 214 Martha work as a 79 purpose of 37 , 60 , 61 106 capitalism 65 , 123 care 42 child care 39 , 42 , 52 , 135 , 159 , 2131 See also children work 14 Carruthers , David 115 caste 24 , 65 , 113 , 142 , 191 children , 12 , 13 , 24 , 33 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 45 , 52 , 58 , 92 , 109 , 111 , 125 , 135 , 157 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 180 , 181 , choice 117 , 190 , 191 , 192 theory of 82 , 109 , 112 , 189 , 190 , 28 , 64 , 71 , 95 , 108 , 196 Clark , Andrew 127 Clark , David A . 140 class 63 , 113 , 142 collective action 117 59 , 197 communities 15 , Ina 141 , 180 , 183 144 conventionalism 149 conversion factors 45 , 49 , 72 , 81 , 113 , 188 and public policies 47 three types 46 analysis 26 Crocker , David A . 86 , 70 , 71 , 205 deep ecology 124 De , Tom 64 democracy 27 , 173 , 42 , 183 , 184 , 198 , Laurent 68 , 15 , 97 , 212 desires 101 , 178 informed 122 , Monique 182 , 183 development 16 , 17 , 96 , 199 development ethics , 17 , 86 development projects , 141 , 174 , 180 , Ed 127 disabilities 108 , 130 , 145 , 175 , 187 disability studies 17 , 115 disadvantage , 15 , 31 , 212 disciplines differences between 35 , 55 , 62 , 90 , 106 , 116 lack of communication 118 miscommunication 28 discrimination 134 , 166 , 205 , Jean 12 , 13 , 28 , 33 , 50 , 146 , Jay 157 , Ronald 151 , 152 , 154 , 155 , 156 ecological sustainability , 17 , 31 , 56 economic growth 10 , 50 , 54 , 146 , 214 economics mainstream 18 , 66 , 203 normative versus positive 28 education , 12 , 14 , 33 , 41 , 55 , 108 , 126 , 140 , 180 efficiency 31 , 37 , 56 , 86 , Jon 138 employment 52 , 159 Equality and Human Rights Commission ( UK ) 168 ethics 143 , 149 , 179 applied 44 evaluation 10 , 26 , 52 , 56 , 57 evaluative space 51 , 53 , 66 , Shelley 158 feminism 115 , 192 , Ada 127 firms , 123

I 253 , Marc 154 flourishing 136 , 138 , 140 , 141 , 130 , 181 , 193 , 214 Foster , 16 freedom 10 , 27 , 31 exercise concept of 103 opportunity concept of 103 versus freedom 105 overall versus specific 126 positive versus negative 99 , 101 , Bruno 127 , 133 friendship 48 , 49 , 65 , 124 38 value 43 as a proxy for capabilities 112 definition 39 , 90 negative value 41 refined 97 relation to capability 93 secure 97 definition 43 , 44 value neutrality 41 , 42 , 45 11 , 14 , 69 , 214 , Paul 158 gender , 113 , 114 , 142 , 161 division of paid and unpaid work 14 , 68 , 191 inequality 14 , 113 norms 65 , 104 , 123 , 159 , Pablo 162 , Muriel 76 Gill , 65 government 15 , 27 , 110 , 179 , 182 groups 10 , 69 , 114 , 116 , 152 , 182 , 186 , 188 , Michael 134 happiness 26 , 71 , 135 , 137 of 127 happiness approach , 48 , 56 , 122 , 126 and adaptive preferences 130 and group differences 133 and income changes 131 and mental adaptation 130 ontological objection to 129 health , 124 , 126 , 127 , 130 , 131 , 146 infectious diseases 111 mental 15 , 65 , 72 , 98 , 108 , 136 public 17 , 100 social of 27 , 142 Hick , Rod 73 , 112 Holland , 170 homophobia 82 housing 15 , 126 human beings assumptions about 15 , 185 embodied 58 human capital 33 , 180 , 181 Human Development and Capability Association 198 human development paradigm 16 , 86 , 176 , 197 Human Development Reports 16 , 176 , 197 , 199 human diversity 46 , 63 , 85 , 86 , 89 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 176 , 188 , 189 , 209 , 214 Human diversity 114 human nature 56 , 68 , 116 , 214 assumptions about 63 human rights 62 , 106 , 160 Ibrahim , 115 , 141 , 180 , 183 , 215 identity 68 immigrants 160 income 12 , 114 , 147 , 193 approach , 14 , 159 indigenous world views 59 individualism ethical 58 , 184 explanatory 185 methodological 184 normative 57 , 184 , 197 normative , use of the term 59 ontological 58 , 184

254 Wellbeing , Freedom and Social inequality 26 gender 14 , 98 , 104 income 14 opportunities versus outcomes 109 infant mortality 12 infants 108 institutions 24 , 27 , 50 , 75 , 108 , 110 , 125 , 143 , 146 , 148 , 182 , 188 , 195 143 , 209 , 213 language 11 , 18 , 54 miscommunication 61 , 194 interpersonal comparisons of advantage 25 , 47 , 52 , 85 , 147 , 193 , Alison 193 justice 10 , 56 , 145 agent of 182 Sen on 152 , 154 Martha on 153 sufficiency 155 the metric of distributive 17 , 155 theories of , 18 , 24 , 68 , 147 , 152 , Daniel 132 , Serene 138 , 140 , 141 , 194 , Alan . 132 , Richard 127 liberalism 150 , 194 libertarianism 63 , 80 , 181 , 193 life expectancy 12 , 14 literacy 12 , Maria Ana 70 , 71 , 205 markets 182 , 195 , 200 , 206 63 , 80 Marx , Karl 24 , Matt 149 distinction 47 , Bhanu 10 mental states 10 , 126 , 129 , 138 , 198 methods conceptual 33 , 142 descriptive 33 ethnographic 27 moral justification 62 narrative 34 qualitative 72 quantitative 27 , 33 , 72 reflective equilibrium 154 Millennium Development Goals 159 Miller , David 148 Mill , ohn Stuart 24 missing women 15 money 45 , 50 , 126 monistic theory 71 14 , 15 , 56 , 70 , 72 Multidimensional Poverty Index 17 , 44 35 Murphy , Michael 115 needs 114 , 175 basic 106 basic needs approach 175 178 philosophical theories of 177 , Robert 129 , 151 , Martha , 24 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 34 , 35 , 38 , 41 , 57 , 64 , 72 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 96 , 97 , 112 , 138 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 157 , 160 , 164 , 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 172 , 179 , 183 , 187 , 193 , 194 , 196 , 198 , 212 nutrition , 108 14 , 157 , 183 Oswald , Andrew 127 paradigm 10 , 18 , Derek 120 , 121 parsimony 67 paternalism 107 , 109 , 196 , Philip 104 Phillips , Anne 154 philosophy 17 , 13 , 27 , 54 , 55 , 119 , 143 , 147 , 191 Pogge , Thomas 182 , 193 political economy 190 , 196

Index political institutions 14 political liberalism 78 , 196 poverty , 78 , 96 , 193 power 68 , 73 , 152 , 193 , 215 preferences 178 adaptive 122 , 137 , 139 principle of each person as an end 57 , 59 , 75 principle pluralism 55 , 56 procedural fairness 86 property rights 24 , 196 , 200 prosperity 10 , 11 , 15 , 176 publicity criterion 124 public reasoning 76 , 173 , 205 , 79 , 171 quality of life 14 racism 56 , 65 , 131 , 149 Rawls , John 10 , 30 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 154 , 155 Reader , 177 resources 81 , 145 , 146 , 178 financial 12 , 51 65 material 10 , 26 , 45 , 65 , 81 , 198 respect 56 responsibility 109 , 156 , 157 , Henry 53 , 54 , 58 , 10 , 207 , 11 satisfaction 39 overall 10 , 71 , 128 , 206 with and capabilities 82 , 136 within particular domains 127 , David 127 , David 115 , Erik 71 , 205 , 208 security 14 groups 115 49 , 98 255 Sen , 11 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 16 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 33 , 38 , 45 , 50 , 53 , 55 , 63 , 76 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 114 , 116 , 131 , 135 , 138 , 146 , 152 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 160 , 161 , 164 , 166 , 167 , 169 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 176 , 177 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 190 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 199 , 203 , 204 , 205 , 206 , 207 , 208 , Sunil 11 sexism 56 Smith , Adam 24 , 95 , 96 social arrangements 11 , 24 , 52 , 57 , 121 social choice theory 70 , 80 , 92 , 156 , 173 social contract theory 150 social indicators 125 social justice movements 117 social norms 24 , 51 , 81 , 124 , 149 , 188 , 190 social relationships 15 , 124 , 187 social sciences 55 , 93 , 213 social structures 189 , 190 , 215 Stewart , Frances 42 , 115 , 175 , 179 , 183 , 184 , 186 , 187 , Paul 200 stress 41 , 52 , 56 , 72 , 136 structural constraints 49 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 81 , 140 , 134 , Robert 10 , 207 , 208 Sustainable Development Goals 159 , 176 Taylor , Charles 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 technical term 25 technology , 17 , 146 teleology 149 , Miriam 68 time 147 12 16 unpaid work 14

256 Wellbeing , Freedom and Social value intrinsic 53 intrinsic versus ultimate 54 pluralism 55 ultimate 53 , 54 , 56 value judgement 51 Van der Veen , Robert 134 Van , Martin 199 Van , Luc 208 Van , Philippe 151 Van , Bernard 127 , 127 , 128 , 132 , 135 Vizard , Polly 167 , 168 vulnerability 97 , Michael 149 Washington consensus 200 weighing 69 welfare economics 10 , 92 , 99 , 147 , 191 208 , 209 definition 203 mainstream 202 , 207 204 welfare state , 27 , 110 wellbeing 10 , 14 , 24 , 27 , 48 , 50 , 95 , 118 , 195 achieved 24 , 119 theories of 121 , 126 hedonistic theories of 121 , 126 objective list theories of 121 , 124 , 125 , 126 philosophical theories 121 wellbeing freedom 24 , 119 Williams , Bernard 95 , 15 , 97 , 212

Wellbeing , Freedom and Social Justice The Capability Approach Ingrid This book is a achievement it reaches across philosophy and the social sciences , across research , policy and practice in the global North and South , and across many decades of debate and discussion within and outside the capability approach . It does so in a way which is readable and clear , and it manages to avoid on the one hand being too polemical , and on the other hand being too . Ingrid is uniquely to write such a book , being herself a scholar whose work has contributed enormously to the development of the capability approach over the years . It has been a frustration for many of us that no comprehensive textbook on the capability approach yet exists , and this will fill that gap admirably . Tania , Director of the Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion ( CASE ) and Associate Professor in the Department of Social Policy at the London School of Economics How do we evaluate ambiguous concepts such as wellbeing , freedom , and social justice ?

How do we develop policies that offer everyone the best chance to achieve what they want from life ?

The capability approach , a theoretical framework pioneered by the philosopher and economist Sen in the 19805 , has become an increasingly way to think about these issues . Wellbeing , Freedom and Social Justice is both an introduction to the capability approach and a thorough evaluation of the challenges and disputes that have engrossed the scholars who have developed it . Ingrid offers her own illuminating and rigorously interpretation , arguing that by appreciating the distinction between the general capability approach and more capability theories or applications we can create a powerful and tool for use in a variety of academic disciplines and of . This book provides an original and comprehensive account that will appeal to scholars of the capability approach , new readers looking for an introduction , and those interested in theories of justice , human rights , basic needs , and the human development approach . As with all Open Book publications , this entire book is available to read for free on the publisher website . Printed and digital editions , together with supplementary digital material , can also be found at Artwork by ( 2015 ) Cover design by Heidi . and editions also available