The Western World Daily Readings on Geography Chapter 82 Russian Domain Cultural Geography I

CHAPTER 82 Russian Domain Cultural Geography I Cyrillic Alphabet Language is a vital part of culture and thus of cultural geography . As study the world , knowledge of foreign languages can be helpful . For native English speakers , learning other languages that feature alphabets is not necessarily easy , but at least does include familiarity with the script . Some languages do have letters that are not in the English language alphabet . For instance , Norwegian and Danish language includes the letters are , and . Typically , English speakers find certain foreign languages more challenging when they do not feature a based alphabet . Definitely , languages such as Chinese and Japanese may be difficult for Americans to learn . Arabic offers letters such as . Here let us consider the Cyrillic alphabet , common in Slavic languages , though not in all . The Cyrillic alphabet is named for Cyril . Along with his brother , Cyril was a Christian missionary who worked among Slavic peoples . Significantly , in the century the brothers created the script to help with translation of religious books . Their disciples helped establish this alphabet in the Bulgarian empire , where it was edited to become the Cyrillic alphabet and adopted by the ruler I in 893 . The alphabet was incorporated into the related Russian language and evolved somewhat over the centuries . Some letters were dropped completely from the list . Others , like the hard sign , found less common use . Tsar Peter the Great actively sought to bring European elements into Russian society and prompted reform of the Cyrillic alphabet , including some drift toward a more Latin appearance for some letters . Variation in the script between different Slavic languages developed . Russia form of the Cyrillic alphabet features 33 letters . Note that there are slight variations of the Cyrillic alphabet , for instance in Ukrainian . For a visual explanation , watch this short video 400

DOMAIN CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY I 401 watch ?

In any case , some Cyrillic letters match their Latin counterparts in form and pronunciation . For instance , the letter is the same in English as in Russian , as is true for the vowel a . Other Cyrillic Russian letters appear to match Latin letters , but are pronounced differently . For example , the Cyrillic letter is pronounced like the Latin letter The Cyrillic letter is pronounced as a rolled Still other Cyrillic Russian letters do not have Latin partners at all . These letters create interesting versions for transliteration , the process of spelling a foreign word to match its pronunciation but not to reflect its meaning . So , the Cyrillic letter , is as the letters , while the letter is spelled . In American marketing , sometimes the letter 91 is used to be a trendy letter , such as in the company name Toys 91 Us . However , in Russian this letter 91 is pronounced and ( or sometimes as ia ) One consequence of these Cyrillic letters matching multiple Latin letters is that some Russian words appear much shorter in Russian than when spelled in English . Former Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev last name is , eB in Russian . a troublesome republic of Russia , is spelled in Russian . Some Cyrillic letters show influence from other lands certainly including Greece , like the letter ) which is the same as the Greek letter , sounded in English as or An oddity in the Cyrillic is the soft sign . This letter sort of is a letter , for it has no sound . Instead the soft sign softens the pronunciation of the letter that comes before it . A common example is the letter which is pronounced as a soft when combined as . Typically , these combinations occur at the end of syllables or at the end of words . The Russian administrative region is an example of this soft at the end of a word . Similarly , the Russian word tsar is spelled . The word tsar offers a lesson in transliteration , as the correct choice for the letter , is , while a trendy but poorer American approach is , creating the word czar . During the years of the Soviet Union , government policy toward language and more broadly toward culture was . Given that the Russian Republic ( the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic or ( was overwhelmingly the largest portion of the land mass and that Russians were the majority of the country population , the government actively promoted Russian language and culture as the normative approach throughout the country . Russian language was taught everywhere . Given the distinctive alphabets in and in Georgia , these republics were allowed to use their own languages , though Russian was taught there too . Although the languages of Central Asia used or alphabets , these were converted into Cyrillic scripts . The breakup of the Soviet Union brought an end to and prompted gradual linguistic reforms away from Cyrillic . For instance , in in 2021 , the national language will complete a reform to a fully Latin alphabet . The same will be true for the language in 2025 . Languages of the native republics of contemporary Russia often still use the Cyrillic script adopted during Soviet days . This is true for , Mari , and many other languages in Russia . As key Russian cities become more Western , an odd trend is the transliteration of English words or brand names into Cyrillic script on store signs and billboards . to the left . Overall , the Cyrillic alphabet is the natural script for Russian , Ukrainian , Bulgarian , Macedonian , and Serbian languages . Did You Know ?

Note this Moscow photo from sheepman on 402 JOEL QUAM AND SCOTT CAMPBELL . Here this sign has the Russian word for restaurant above two words that are the for the words billiards and bowling . Here is a poster from Soviet days . The USSR or Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was ' as in Cyrillic , standing for CoLi , The poster sends the message of to heroic October ! References to October recall he October Revolution that ended Tsarist rule in Russia Curiously , this poster uses he Ukrainian word ) for October ( as expressed in the dative case ) apparently , the poster was used in the Ukrainian Republic ofthe Soviet Union . Check Your Understanding An interactive or media element has been excluded from this version ofthe text . You can view it online here . en ra I ?

CITED AND ADDITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY , Bruno . 2009 . Generic ( Jorge . 2012 . Soviet ) Poster , Attribution Generic ( BY )