Human Behavior and the Social Environment II Contents

Contents Introduction Part Dominant Pots on Individuals Chapter Self and Identity Introduction The Social Actor The Motivated Agent The Autobiographical Author Outside Resources Discussion Questions Chapter Culture and Meaning Introduction Link between Culture and Defining Culture 24 Cultural 25 Theoretical Perspectives on Culture 13 14 15 19 21 26 27 27 33 33 34 35 39 42

Chapter Culture as a Social Construct Social Production of Culture Collective Culture Cultural Change Chapter Cultural Power Cultural Hierarchies 42 Cultural Prejudice and Discrimination Chapter Cultural Identity Formation 52 Sex and Gender 53 Sexuality and Sexual Orientation Bod and Mind 55 Race and 56 Religion and Belief Systems 57 Identity Toda Chapter The Multicultural World Globalization and Identity Building Cultural Intelligence 53 53 56 69 72 72 79 82 90 90 94 99 103 108 114 120 133 133 138

Part 11 . Alternative Perspectives on Individuals Chapter Individual and Cultural Differences in Person Perception Introduction Perceiver Characteristics Cultural Differences in Person Perception Attribution St les and Mental Health Summar Chapter Poverty 81 Introduction The Measurement Extent of Who the Poor Are Social Patterns of Explaining Poverty 85 The Consequences of Poverty Global Poverty 87 Reducing Poverty 88 Chapter People of Color White Women Introduction to Discrimination and Stereotyping Dimension of Racial and Ethnic Feminism and Sexism Reducing Gender The Benefits and Costs of Being Male 151 151 152 156 160 164 170 170 174 181 195 210 224 246 256 260 260 276 286 292 296 300

Chapter 10 Aging and Ableness Aging Social Problems in the News Age Cohorts The Concept Experience of Aging Perspectives on Aging Life the of 10 . of Children and Our Future ing Social Research Problems Facing Older Americans Lessons People Making a Older Americans Chapter 11 Sexual Orientation Sexuality Pornography What is Sex Gender Sexual om Other Societies Sexual Orientation and Understanding Sexual Orientation Public Attitudes About Sexual Orientation Inequality Based on Sexual Orientation the Lives of the Sexual Orientation Inequality Pornograph 302 303 304 307 309 313 317 319 321 324 332 340 344 348 351 351 356 359 377 392 419 422 425

Part III . on Families Chapter 12 The Family 121 Introduction What is Family ?

123 How Families Develop Dating Courtship and Cohabitation Issues and Considerations 126 Happy Healthy Families 127 Additional Resources Chapter 13 Relationships Introduction The Importance of Relationships The Question of Measurement Presence and of Relationships and pes of Relationships Fact or Are Social Relationships the Secret to Happiness ?

Additional Resources Chapter 14 Childhood Experiences Earl childhood experience 439 439 440 444 447 456 461 462 468 468 469 470 474 479 483 485 491 491 Parental investment and of responses in the 143 Child nutrition and the 495 Part IV . on 75 Chapter 15 Working Groups Performance Decision Making 151 Introduction 152 Understanding Social Groups 153 Group Process the Pluses Minuses of Working Together Improving Group Performance 155 Like A Social About Social Groups 156 Summar Chapter 16 The Psychology of Groups Introduction to the of Groups The of Groups Motivation and Performance Making Decisions in Groups You and Your Groups Outside Resources References Part Stages ol Group Think Chapter 17 think 172 Additional Resources 503 505 510 521 573 590 592 596 597 599 604 613 619 620 622 631 632 634

Part VI . on Or Chapter 18 Industrial Organizational What is Industrial and ( I ) What Does an 110 Psychologist Do ?

Careers in I cholo Additional Resources Chapter 19 Competition and Cooperation in Our Social Worlds Competition and Cooperation in Our Social Worlds Conflict and Fairness How the Social Situation Creates Conflict The Role of Social Dilemmas Strategies for Producing Cooperation Like a Social About Cooperation and Competition Summary Chapter 20 Group Organizational Culture Introduction Group Dynamics Organization Symbolic Power Organizational Culture 639 640 644 647 649 653 657 657 662 684 704 721 722 726 726 727 729 730 730

. on Communities Cha ) ter 21 Geographic Region 211 Communities Based Upon Cha ) ter 22 Population the Environment 221 Introduction Perspectives on Population the Environment 223 Population The Environment 225 Population Problems the Environment 226 Chapter 23 Urban Rural Problems 231 Introduction A Brief of Urbanization Perspectives on Urbanization Problems of Urban Life Problems of Rural Life Improving Urban Rural Life Summar 737 738 742 743 744 750 785 820 825 829 829 831 843 853 880 888 890

VIII . Communities Police Relations Chapter 24 The Criminal Justice System Introduction Police Criminal Courts The Problem of Prisons Focus on the Death Penalty Global Theories Chapter 25 Immigration Immigrant Barriers Opportunities for Families 251 Introduction Immigration Policy 253 Current Immigration Policy 254 Barriers for 255 Future Directions 256 Summary Appendices 897 897 898 901 903 907 917 918 921 929 935 944 946 956

Chapter 26 From There to Here The of Refugee Families to the United States Introduction Persecution and Separation from 263 Travel to Tem ora 264 Family Admittance to the United States Entering the United States 964 965 966 69 971 974 266 Future Directions in and 986 Support 267 Conclusion 268 Appendix Chapter 27 Human Rights Introduction What are Human Rights ?

The Universal Declaration of Human The Status of Human in the United States Emerging Directions Summary Chapter 28 Economic Supports Barriers Introduction 282 Employment 283 Access to Necessities Financial Problems 285 Future Directions 286 Summary 988 995 998 999 1001 1004 1006 1021 1023 1030 1031 1033 1040 1052 1057 1059

Chapter 29 Mental Health Introduction Different Shared Experiences Mental Health Challenges Mental Health Treatments Emerging Directions Summar Chapter 30 Intimate Partner Violence Among Immigrants Refugees Introduction De Among Immigrants Refugees Risk Protective Factors Responses to Barriers to Help Seeking Future Decisions Case Study Summar 1070 1070 1072 1075 1086 1092 1094 1108 1109 1112 1115 1116 1119 1123 1134 1135 1136

Chapter 31 Substance Abuse Introduction Substance Abuse Prevalence Risk Factors on Substance Abuse Theoretical on on Substance Abuse Substance Abuse Prevention Intervention Chapter 32 Resilience in Immigrant Refugee Introduction 1148 1148 1151 1154 1159 1160 1165 1166 1171 1184 1185 Motivation Value of Work Education 1186 Family Connectedness Identity Role of Resources in Emerging Directions 1194 1202 1208 1210

Chapter 33 Embracing a New Home 1221 Resettlement Research the Family Introduction 1222 Assimilation 1222 Theories A New Direction for with Populations Critical Theories 1241 Cultural Values to Consider in Resettlement 1241 Research Future Directions 1245 1246 Part . Additional Resources