Dress, Appearance, and Diversity in US Society Contents

CONTENTS Introduction Contents Content Course Level Objectives ( Soft Skills Objective ( Module Level Objectives ( How to Use This Book Book Organization Example Chapter Case Study Part I . Dress Theories and Concepts . Orientation and Honesty Syllabus AMD 165 Dress , Appearance , and Diversity in Society Honesty Academic Dishonesty at Iowa State University Honesty Case Study . Dress , Appearance , and Identity Dress and Dressing identity Socialization identity and Dress Stigma and Identity Focused Example Quinceanera Dress , Appearance , and Identity Case Study viii viii xiv xiv ) 11 12 14 16 17

. Identity , Social Justice , and Dress Social Justice Privilege Stereotyping Implicit Bias Empathy A Lens of Individual and Systemic Oppression Focused Example For Everyone Collective Identity , Social Justice , and Dress Case Study . Social Science Theories Role Theory Conformity Symbolic , Intimate , and Secret Self Focused Example Prison Uniforms References Social Science Theories Case Study . Culture What Is Culture ?

Society Culture Cultural Appropriation References Culture Case Study . Subculture and Group Membership What Is a Subculture ?

Social Groups are Dependent on Context Subcultural Style References Subculture and Group Membership Case Study 18 18 20 21 22 23 25 25 26 27 27 31 33 35 36 37 38 38 41 45 46 47 48 48 49 51 53 55 56 . Fashion Theories 57 Fashion 57 Fashion Diffusion 59 Fashion Theories 61 References 64 Fashion Theories Case Study 65 Part II . Dress and Marginalized Communities . Sex and Gender 67 Sex 67 Gender 68 Trans , and identities and Dress 71 References 75 Sex and Gender Case Study 76 . Sexuality 77 Gender Identity 78 Sexuality and Signifiers 79 Gay Identities and Dress 86 Bisexual identities and Dress 89 The Fashion industry and Identities 91 References 93 Sexuality Case Study 98 10 . Beauty and Attractiveness 99 Beauty Is Good Stereotype 99 Symbolic Interaction Process and Body Satisfaction 102 Cultural Influences on How We Think About the Body 103 Faces and Attraction 104 References 107 Beauty and Attractiveness Case Study 108

11 . Disability 109 History of the Disabilities Rights Movement 110 Hearing Devices 111 Mobility impairment and Dress 113 Disability Case Study 117 12 . Religion 118 Muslim Dress 119 Jewish dress 122 Buddhist Dress 124 Turbans and Gucci 125 Religion Case Study 126 13 . Race and Ethnicity 127 Ethnicity versus Race 127 Roots of Ethnicity 129 Race and Ethnicity Case Study 133 Final Student Reflection 134 Book Contributors 141

INTRODUCTION The book was created for use in a course at Iowa State University , AMD 165 Dress , Appearance , and Diversity in US Society . The course description is below . Examination of dress and appearance practices and experiences of marginalized identities and communities in the United States . Introduction to and theories , culture and identity concepts , and social justice concepts and issues in regards to dress , appearance , and fashion in the fashion industry . Meets US diversity requirement . In this course , students are introduced to topics about identity , dress , and the body . We explore how individuals and communities use dress to communicate ( negotiate , in fashion studies ) their various identities . There is heightened attention to social justice , power , privilege , and oppression . That is , we focus on the experiences of historically marginalized communities and the ways they navigate dress and dressing their bodies in different . An increased awareness of appearances and fashions of individuals historically experiencing oppression and can aid in developing a more environment and reject past of white supremacy , homophobia , fat phobia , and xenophobia . As students enter the workforce with a social justice background , they will better understand and work with others who are different from them . Additionally , a better understanding of diverse consumers could help provide these consumers with the products they desire , in addition to avoiding public diversity issues that are far too common in the fashion industry . Contents The book contains two distinct parts . Part Dress Theories and Concepts introduces readers to concepts and theories related to fashion , clothing , dress , accessories . Part Dress and Marginalized Communities asks readers to examine the role fashion , clothing , dress , or accessories play in identity development for individuals in marginalized communities in the United States . Content Course Level Objectives ( Analyze foundational concepts and theories related to dress , identity , fashion , and culture and how they intersect with sex , gender , sexuality , beauty , attractiveness , disability , religion , race , and ethnicity ,

I INTRODUCTION with heightened attention to marginalized communities in the United States . Analyze the experiences and the role , clothing , dress , accessories for identity development with heightened attention to marginalized communities within social in the United States . Critique social justice issues within the fashion system in the United States for marginalized communities . Deconstruct your own personal values and in relation to fashion , clothing , dress , accessories with heightened attention to marginalized communities in US society to be able to live in and collaborate with others in the United States . Identify the driving forces of transformative change in the fashion system . Soft Skills Objective ( Analyze what academic honesty means , your experiences with academic honesty , and your related future goals . Module Level Objectives ( Part Dress Theories and Concepts Orientation and Honesty . Identify the policies in the syllabus . Meet other students to create a sense of community . concepts related to academic honesty and dishonesty . Explain ways to engage in honest behaviors in the course . Explain ways to engage in dishonest behaviors in the course and the related consequences . Articulate your past perspectives and experiences with honesty in college courses . Articulate your perspectives , approaches , and plans for honesty in this course . Dress , Appearance , and Identity Identify foundational concepts and theories related to identity and dress . Identify pioneering scholars in the identity and dress discipline Identify the sources of information and research for the course content . Summarize the role of dress in identity development . Explain the ways individuals learn about how to dress . Explain various motivations for dress .

INTRODUCTION IX Analyze the relationships among stigma , stigma management , identity , and dress . Deconstruct your own perspectives and approaches to understanding the dress of others . Social Justice Identify foundational concepts related to social justice , identity , and dress . Identify driving forces of transformative social change . Articulate your own . Reflect on your progress towards development of empathy related to social justice issues , identity , and dress . Examine social justice issues in the fashion industry . Social Science Theories Identify foundational concepts and theories related to identity and dress . Summarize the role of dress in identity development . Analyze identity and dress with social science theories and concepts . Analyze the norms that influence your own identities and dress . Culture Identify foundational concepts and theories related to culture , identity , and dress . Identify the factors that influence different cultural aspects of dress . Identify the different cultural perspectives an individual can take to approach understanding the dress and identity of others . Explain the role of dress in identity development . Examine how marginalized communities in the United States use dress and appearance to negotiate their identities . Deconstruct your own perspectives and approach to understanding the dress of others . Subculture and Group Membership Identify foundational concepts and theories related to , identity , appearance , and dress . Identify the factors that influence different aspects of subcultural dress . Explain the role of dress and appearance in identity development for different . Examine how marginalized communities in the United States use dress and appearance to negotiate their identities .

I INTRODUCTION Deconstruct your own perspectives and approach to understanding the dress of . Fashion Theories Identify foundational concepts and theories related to fashion , identity , appearance , and dress . Identify the basic tenets of fashion theories and how they help explain dress and appearance . Explain how marginalized communities in the United States use dress and appearance to express their identities . Examine how dress and appearance of marginalized communities in the United States are represented in the fashion system ( advertisements or retailers ) Examine social justice issues related to dress and appearance of marginalized communities in the United States . Deconstruct your own perspectives and approach to understanding the dress of others . Part Dress and Marginalized Communities Sex and Gender foundational concepts and theories related to sex and gender , fashion , identity , appearance , and dress . the numerous aspects of transition for individuals in the transgender and communities in the United States . different types of dress worn by the transgender and communities in the United States to affirm their gender identities . trans and people experiences in the United States wearing different dress objects ing their trans and identity . different fashion brands that produce and sell dress objects for the transgender and communities in the United States to affirm their gender identities . ity how gender expressions and norms have shifted and changed over time and across cultures . Explain the role of dress and appearance in the development of one sex assigned at birth and their gender . Examine social justice issues related to dress and appearance ofthe transgender and communities in the United States . Deconstruct your own perspectives and approach to understanding the dress and appearance of the transgender and communities in the United States . Identify the driving forces of transformative social justice change in the fashion system related

INTRODUCTION XI to transgender and identities in the United States . Sexuality Identify foundational concepts related to sexuality , fashion , identity , appearance , and dress . Identify different types of dress worn by queer communities in the United States to express their sexual identities . Identify queer people experiences in the United States wearing different dress object reflecting their queer identities . Identify different fashion brands that produce and sell dress objects for the queer community in the United States to affirm their sexual identities . Explain the role of dress and appearance in the development of one queer identity in the United States . Examine how dress and appearance communities in the United States are represented in the fashion system ( advertisements or retailers ) Examine social justice issues related to dress and appearance ofthe queer community in the United States . Deconstruct your own perspectives and approach to understanding the dress and appearance of queer communities in the United States . Identify the driving forces of transformative social justice change in the fashion system related to queer identities in the United States . Beauty and Attractiveness Identify foundational concepts related to beauty , attractiveness , identity , appearance , and dress . Identify the ways beauty and perceptions of attractiveness influence people experiences . Identify the aspects of facial appearance that contribute to perceptions of attractiveness . Identify how people alter their bodies when they do not think they are attractive or meet cultural beauty ideals . Identify factors that influence why people alter their bodies when they do not think they are at ive or meet a specific beauty ideal . Identify people experiences related to meeting the ideals of beauty or perceptions of at . Examine social justice issues related to dress appearance , and interpretations of beauty and at in the United States . Analyze how dress , appearance , and concepts of beauty and attractiveness in the United States are represented in the fashion system ( advertisements or retailers )

INTRODUCTION Deconstruct your own perspectives and approaches to understanding dress , appearance , beauty , and attractiveness in the United States . the driving forces of transformative social justice change in the fashion system related to beauty and attractiveness in the United States . Dis ) Identify foundational concepts related to disability , fashion , identity , appearance , and dress . Identify different types of dress worn by people with disabilities in the United States . Identify the experiences of people with disabilities in the United States wearing different dress objects reflecting their disability identities . Identify different fashion brands that produce and sell dress objects for people with disabilities in the United States . Explain the role of dress and appearance in the development of one disability identity . Examine how dress and appearance of people with disabilities in the United States are represented in the fashion system ( advertisements or retailers ) Examine social justice issues related to dress and appearance for people with disabilities in the United States . Deconstruct your own perspectives and approach to understanding the dress and appearance of people with disabilities in the United States . Identify the driving forces of transformative social justice change in the fashion system related to disabilities in the United States . Religion Identify foundational concepts related to religion , fashion , identity , appearance , and dress . Identify different types of dress worn by people following different oppressed religions in the United States . Identify people following different oppressed religions experiences in the United States wearing different dress objects reflecting their religious identities . Identify different fashion brands that produce and sell dress objects for people following different oppressed religions in the United States . Explain the role of dress and appearance in the development of one religious identity in the nited States . Examine how dress and appearance of people following different oppressed religions in the nited States are represented in the fashion system ( advertisements or retailers ) Examine social justice issues related to dress and appearance for people following different oppressed religions in the United States . Deconstruct your own perspectives and approach to understanding the dress and appearance

INTRODUCTION I of people following different oppressed religions in the United States . Identify the driving forces of transformative social justice change in the fashion system related to oppressed religious groups in the United States . Race and Ethnicity ( 355 . Identify foundational concepts related to race , ethnicity , fashion , identity , appearance , and Identify different types of dress worn by people of color in the United States . Identify people of colors experiences wearing different dress object reflecting their race in the United States . Identify different fashion brands that produce and sell dress objects for people of color in the United States . Explain the role of dress and appearance in the development of one racial ethnic identity in the United States . th fa Examine how dress and appearance of people of color in the United States are represented in system ( advertisements or retailers ) Examine social justice issues related to dress and appearance for people of color in the United States . of Deconstruct your own perspectives and approach to understanding the dress and appearance people of color in the United States . Identify the driving forces of transformative social justice change in the fashion system related to people of color in the United States .

HOW TO USE THIS BOOK This is a free textbook geared toward courses about dress and identity . The book was written to help students learn about dress and identity and how these topics intersect with marginalized communities . Everyone interacts with different people in their lives a greater understanding of others can lead to a more equitable , just society . This textbook was funded by the Miller Open Education Program at Iowa State University . Extra care and effort were involved to give you , affordable course materials . I am interested in your experience using these materials and welcome your feedback . lfyou find any issues or missing areas in this text or want to offer positive feedback , email me at . Book Organization Each chapter within this book contains Learning objectives a list of major topics covered in the chapter and what you should expect to learn more about as you read . Content the bulk of the chapter , including original text , summaries of scholarship , and media to demonstrate examples from the text . Interactive questions review questions are embedded in each chapter use these to check your understanding of what you learned . Case study Each case study assignment is related to the chapter content . You will recognize the case study in its box at the end of each chapter . The downloadable Word document provided outlines the tasks and evaluation criteria for the assignment and provides a template for submissions .

HOW TO USE THIS BOOK I Example Chapter Case Study The case study attached below is a Word document and can be downloaded . It includes the task , evaluation , and template for the case study Example Word Document would be linked here How to Navigate our Book One or more interactive elements has been excluded from this version of the text . You can view them online here