Explore the Dress, Appearance, and Diversity in US Part I Dress Theories and Concepts Chapter 3 Identity, Social Justice, and Dress study material pdf and utilize it for learning all the covered concepts as it always helps in improving the conceptual knowledge.
. IDENTITY , SOCIAL JUSTICE , AND DRESS Module Learning Objectives ( In this chapter , you will Identify foundational concepts related to social justice , identity , and dress . Identify driving forces of transformative social change . Articulate your own . Reflect on your progress toward development of empathy related to issues , identity , and dress . Examine social justice issues in the fashion industry . Social Justice Social justice is the equal distribution of privilege , opportunities , and wealth . Social injustice , then , occurs when there is unequal distribution of privilege , opportunities , and wealth . In the current US society , there is a significant imbalance in the distribution of privilege , opportunities , and wealth . Required Reading , 2017 ) Social Justice History , Purpose and Meaning . Society .
19 I IDENTITY , AND DRESS Inequity and the United States The gender pay gap is one example of inequity in the United States . Studies have demonstrated that when women and men perform the same jobs , women , on average , are paid less . The gender pay gap varies across industries , but women who are financial managers , physicians , accountants , retail sales workers , registered nurses , lawyers , education administrators , and chief executives earn between 65 and 92 of what men earn for performing the same job responsibilities ( the only differentiating factor is their gender . The fashion industry also suffers from gender inequality . While numerous women working in the fashion industry , recent research shows that the highest paid Image Source Ron employees in the fashion industry were men , and about 80 ofthe executives were men ( The Fashion Law 2018 ) So , while female employees have dominated the fashion industry and women clothing has higher sales than men clothing , men more often occupy the industry ( Bain 2018 ) Racial inequality , another example ofthe unequal distribution of privilege ( is still a significant issue in the United States . However , many white people feel that racism or racial inequality is not a significant issue in 2019 ( Pew Research Center 2019 )
Image Source Screenshot from 2019 Ashley Graham interview available on You Tube IDENTITY , SOCIAL , AND DRESS I 20 Despite the progress since the abolition of slavery and Jim Crow laws , Black people are still at significant disadvantage on many fronts ( For example , one study found that when researchers sent resumes with either African or names , candidates with names needed to send about 10 resumes to obtain a single callback , whereas candidates with African names had to send an average of 15 resumes to obtain a single ( 2018 ) Racial inequality can also be found within the fashion industry . While there have been numerous successful Black fashion designers , the industry also has systemic racial inequality issues ( et al . 2020 2018 ) For example , most fashion models are white , not people of color while this inequality has lessened over time , the industry still most often casts white models to represent the ideal of beauty ( Racial inequality is still a significant issue in the United States and an example of the unequal distribution of privilege ( However , in 2019 , many white people believed racism or racial inequality is not a significant issue ( Pew Research Center 2019 ) Privilege These inequities are interconnected with the concept of privilege . The resources at the links below discuss privilege and the ways it intersects with varying identities . What is privilege ?
White privilege ?
cis ender ?
Male privilege ?
This short video explains privilege and how it relates to power and oppression . One or more interactive elements has been excluded from this version of the text . You can view them online here To view a transcript for this video , download this file Power Privilege and Oppression Video Transcript
21 I IDENTITY , SOCIAL , AND DRESS Kimberly Crenshaw , a pioneering scholar , discussed in the . The resource at the link below , provided by Rider University , discusses the concepts of privilege and . In this short film , Crenshaw discusses and why one needs it when examining experiences of different individuals . One or more interactive elements has been excluded from this version of the text . You can view them online here . To view a transcript for the video above , download this file The of Video Transcript DOC In this short film , the individuals engage in a privilege walk . It is a visual of how privilege affects people differently depending on their intersectional identities . One or more interactive elements has been excluded from this version of the text . You can view them online here . To view a transcript for the video above , download this file What is Privilege Video Transcript Stereotyping We all stereotype . Stereotyping is a form of classification to help make sense of the complex world based on limited information . Through stereotyping , we infer a network of characteristics of a person . Stereotyping is learned through direct experience , hearsay , and cultural experience ( media ) Dangers of Stereotyping While stereotyping can help us make sense of the world , it carries significant dangers . Blinder effect one cue blinds the perceiver to a person other qualities .
IDENTITY , SOCIAL , AND DRESS I 22 Prejudice one can develop a rigid use of typing in which the perceiver ignores information that conflicts with the stereotype the perceiver holds Implicit Bias Stereotyping can also be connected to implicit bias . According to a research center at the Ohio State University , implicit bias refers to the attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding , actions , and decisions in an unconscious They are enacted without an individual awareness or intentional control . These implicit biases have been learned over time , yet they are malleable and can be unlearned . Therefore , even if individuals have unconscious biases toward groups of people , these attitudes are able to be changed . One example of this bias is that the market has rarely made accessible or adaptive clothing available for people with disabilities ( Schmidt 2018 ) This does not necessarily mean that the fashion industry professionals do not like people with disabilities or do not think they should have clothing . It is more likely that people have an unconscious bias toward people with disabilities and are not thinking about their needs or interests as individuals . Until very recently , the fashion industry has also lacked models with visible disabilities in its fashion advertisements ( 2018 ) Implicit Bias Association Test Harvard University has an ongoing Implicit Association test ( Pro Implicit ) which measures the strength of association between concepts ( Black people , gay people ) and evaluations ( good , bad ) or stereotypes ( athletic , clumsy ) One or more interactive elements has been excluded from this version of the text . You can view them online here To view a transcript for the video above , download this file Implicit Bias Video Transcript DOC are small slights that the majority make to members of marginalized groups without noticing , often due to their implicit biases . People often commit out of ignorance or surprise at being in the presence of someone who appears different than they are . Both individuals and institutions may perform . Many surveys at institutions are full of .
23 I IDENTITY , SOCIAL JUSTICE , AND DRESS Watch this short film demonstrating . Please note that between and in the film , the phrase fucking annoying is used and a few seconds before that goddamn it is used . One or more interactive elements has been excluded from this version of the text . You can view them here . To view a transcript for the video above , download this file Video Transcript How do we reduce implicit bias ?
There are numerous ways to reduce implicit bias . In one Psychology Today article , the authors discuss how while awareness of one biases is a first step , it is not enough ( 2015 ) They explain that practices to significantly reduce bias should include exposing people to examples , developing an understanding of the member , and engaging in positive interactions with members of the . In a study , scholars reported that while interventions aimed at reducing bias had good intentions , they did not always work to reduce people biases and that to be able to determine the best methods to reduce bias more data was needed ( Gerald et al . 2019 ) Empathy Empathy refers to the ability to understand individuals who are in , or individuals who are a part of groups that we do not with or belong to ( 2017 ) That is , empathy is the ability to understand the experiences or expressions of individuals who are not like us . Empathy is an approach toward greater understanding of diversity . involves seeking to understand others by considering their backgrounds and life situations . does not require liking or approving of someone . assists in avoiding . If you were in charge of selecting models for a fashion photo shoot and you knew people with disabilities feel poorly about themselves when they do not see themselves represented , would you make your hiring decisions with this in mind ( 2017 ) Understanding others experiences and listening to their stories can help increase empathy .
IDENTITY , SOCIAL , AND DRESS I 24 Rose Philip , an model , is physically disabled and works in high fashion . She has discussed her work publicly with Who What Wear in a lineup of six models who have had to contend with in the fashion industry . Image Source Philip on Instagram a An interactive element has been excluded from this version of the text . You can view it online here
25 I IDENTITY , AND DRESS A Lens of Individual and Systemic Oppression A lens is a means of looking at a particular idea , event , experience . In this course , we discuss oppression , and one can evaluate oppression using different lenses individual , interpersonal , and systemic lenses . individual oppression in the fashion system that is conscious A person religion informs their beliefs that transgender people are wrong , and thus they believe that transgender people should not embrace their identity through dress . For instance , they do not think that a person assigned female at birth should wear a chest binder to affirm their gender identity as a man . individual oppression in the fashion system that is unconscious A person is outwardly supportive of transgender people and the ways transgender people express their gender through fashion . However , in one instance , the person is creating a fashion line of undergarments and does not actively think about the needs of transgender people , such as producing chest binders . Interpersonal oppression in the fashion system A person is outwardly supportive of transgender people and the ways they express their gender through fashion however , this person often will stare at a person because they are confused by their appearance . Systemic oppression in the fashion system that is institutional brand produces undergarments , and in its practices it has have never produced garments that cater to transgender individuals . It only produces products that are for people and markets them this way . Systemic oppression in the fashion system that is structural Throughout the entire fashion industry over time , there are no fashion brands that produce undergarments that cater to the needs of transgender individuals . Therefore , transgender individuals who want to affirm their gender identity through dress , such as wearing a chest binder , do not have options to do so . Review this source on the different lenses The Lens of Systematic Oppression ( National . Transformative Social Change Review these resources on how to engage in transformative social change Transformative Social Change Wiki ( Wiki ) Explained in Teen Vogue ( Tran 2018 ) Focused Example For Everyone Collective The For Everyone Collective , in Grand Rapids , Michigan , uses activism to advocate for prison abolition .
IDENTITY , AND DRESS 26 On its website , it describes itself as worker owned by a multiracial group of people impacted by incarceration . Our only is our founder , who created Forgive Everyone to raise money for the abolitionist movement ( For Everyone 2021 ) This organization centers social justice philosophies in all of its processes , from its production practices , employing formerly incarcerated people , to its business model . its employees earn at least 15 an hour and are provided medical benefits , and it employs currently incarcerated artists to design while funneling all of its profits into prison abolition education , empowerment , and justice . In addition to requesting support for its work through product sales , the For Everyone Collective seeks to be a central hub for advocacy and activism resources for activists in criminal justice reform , prison abolition , and transformative justice work . Identity , Social Justice , and Dress Case Study Step One Become familiar with the case study . The case study attached below is a Word document and can be downloaded . It includes the task , evaluation , and template for the case study Identity Social Justice and Dress Case Step Two Submit your complete assignment on Canvas . Format your document . Remember to check the submission against the rubric .