Cultural & Ethnic Studies La Niña—Reconciliation

17 . La . Synopsis La recounts path to reintegrate into civilian life . After being kidnapped by the Colombian guerrillas as a child and becoming one of their , Sara ( her name in the guerrillas ) is detained by the Colombian Army and sent to a juvenile reintegration center . From this moment on , struggles to build a normal life for a girl her age she regains relationships with her family , studies to go to college , goes out with friends , and falls in love . Her efforts are threatened by the prejudices of society against , as well as by the harassment of former guerilla comrades and threats of corrupt military , who are determined that should not reveal their criminal actions . About the place . Geographical context , au de Colombia . de Colombia by , license BY SA in Wikipedia Commons , 145

146 a de la Hispanic Cultures Through the Screen . About the topic . Peace Agreements in Colombia On November 24 , 2016 , the Colombian government , under the presidency of Juan Manuel Santos , and the guerrilla group ( Armadas de del Armed Forces of Army ) signed a peace agreement that ended an internal armed that had lasted since the formation of the in the 19605 and that had implicated guerrilla groups , paramilitaries , and national army . This agreement was preceded by previous failed attempts , extensive negotiations and a first agreement that was rejected in a popular vote . Its implementation has also been hampered by the persistence in the armed struggle of various groups , by drug , by political differences around the peace agreement , and by the pandemic . Negotiations for this peace agreement began under the presidency of Juan Manuel Santos , who hold government from August 2010 to August 2018 . Negotiations to end the had already been attempted before between the government and the guerrillas without reaching an agreement . In his article on the topic , Rafael points out three previous formal negotiations en La ( la presidencia de ) la presidencia de ) El ( la presidencia de ) In La the presidency of and the presidency of El the presidency of ) The same author notes that there is evidence that , in the last two years of presidency and with Juan Manuel Santos as defense minister , se una agenda un de que no a en un ( An agenda and a negotiation process were designed although they did not materialize into an actual peace process ) The enactment of the Ley de de ( Victims and Land Restitution Law ) in 2011 , which establishes assistance and reparation measures for victims , was seen as an expression of the intentions of President Santos . The responded with a similar attitude . Between February and August 2012 , delegates from the Colombian government and the met in Cuba to explore the possibilities of an agreement to resolve the . The result of these meetings was the General Agreement for the Termination of the and the Construction of a Stable and Lasting Peace . This document decides sensitive issues in any peace negotiations , such as , the negotiation issues that will be , as well as the procedures , places and intermediary governments ( Cuba , Norway , Venezuela and Chile in this peace negotiation ) With the General Agreement as a guide , formal negotiations begin in October 2012 in , Norway , and will continue in Havana , Cuba . This phase lasts for several years and will conclude with the signing of the Final Agreement for the Termination of the and the Construction of a Stable and Lasting Peace . The Final Agreement is signed on August 25 , 2016 in de , Colombia , with the condition that it will be submitted to popular referendum . As notes , the goal of requesting a popular vote was , la de lo el desde las a la de ( To improve the legitimacy of the agreement and facilitate the transition from negotiations to ) However , the popular vote was contrary to the agreement of voters did not support it , while did ( Colombia ) Besides that , the participation was extremely low , not even 40 of population participated in the referendum ( Colombia ) Because of this result , the Final Agreement had to be reviewed to address the claims and objections of those who opposed it , such as former president , leader of the No campaign . After this renegotiation phase , the government and the signed the definitive version of the Final Agreement in the Theater Colon in Bogota on November 24 , 2016 . A few days later , it was by the Senate and the House of Representatives of Colombia . The Final Agreement includes provisions grouped under six main points or titles

La 147 . Comprehensive Rural Reform and Development Unequal land distribution and property is recognized as one of causes of the in Colombia . To prevent it from happening again , it is necessary to improve living conditions in rural areas of the country . To this end , the government agrees to create a Land Fund that will distribute lands to landless farmers , to formalize the land possession of those farmers without title deeds , and to provide credit and technical assistance to improve agricultural production and marketing . Besides that , the government will implement development plans in rural areas to provide them with essential goods and services and it assumes food security as a national objective , that is , no one in Colombia goes hungry . Political Participation Democratic and equal participation guarantees peace maintenance . In order to include different voices and opinions in the Colombian political sphere , the government will facilitate the creation of new political parties ( such as the which , once dissolved , constituted the political party del ) Also , the government will promote citizen participation at the individual level and through popular associations and it will establish special rules for voting in the regions most affected by the armed struggle and will guarantee the protection of those holding political office and leaders of organizations and social movements . End of The agreed to surrender their arms to the United Nations , as well as abandon the armed struggle in favor of peaceful political participation . For its part , the Colombian government will provide psychological and economic assistance to former members of the guerrilla so that they can reintegrate into civilian life . Problem of Illicit Drugs Growing , manufacture and of illicit drugs exacerbates the and violence . Hence , ending the drug business is vital for the peace process . The government will collaborate with farmers to substitute illicit crops so that they integrate into the legal economy . Besides that , the government adopts a public health approach to drug use , while pursuing drug with all rigor . Victims The agreement creates a Comprehensive System of Truth , Justice , Reparation and to satisfy the rights of all victims of the armed without distinction ( including victims of the State , the guerrillas , and ) This System includes different measures and bodies that coordinate with each other a commission to clarify the truth of events that during the , a missing person unit , a special jurisdiction to investigate and punish crimes committed in the context , as well as several reparation measures , such as acknowledgement of responsibility , return of displaced people , and land restitution . Implementation , approval The Final Agreement establishes a commission to resolve any differences that may arise , to promote legislation that implements what has been agreed , and to verify that it is complied with . Besides that , it dictates a calendar

148 a de la Hispanic Cultures Through the Screen to put into practice the provisions of the Agreement and an approval system , both institution and popular ( the referendum mentioned before ) Finally , it determines a series of criteria , as well as national and international mechanisms to verify compliance with the provisions of the Agreement . For the media , the frequent attacks and assassinations of former guerrillas are the clearest sign that the peace agreements are not complied with . Even if a majority of the members laid down their arms , some dissident groups persist in armed struggles against the army , as do several paramilitary groups . Persistence of drug and its connections with dissident guerrillas and paramilitaries complicates the situation . Furthermore , the disposition towards the Agreement by the current government of Ivan differs from that of Santos , and translates into a slowdown in the application of the provisions to ensure , among other objectives , peace , equal political participation , rural development or the protection of and leaders of social movements . In his article , Rafael adds the impact of the pandemic on the Colombian peace process ( as well as the social discontent in the country that shaped into a number of protests in 2019 , which were faced by the police with strong repression ( Social discontent and police repression that repeated in 2021 sparked by a tax reform proposal from the government ( About the people . Biographies . Ana Maria plays in La . Watch her interview in the Dante Night Show and answer the questions below to know more about her life and artistic career . Use the option in settings to add English subtitles . Ana Maria . What does Ana Maria think of the impact that La had in Colombia and abroad ?

How did the actress prepare for her role as ?

What award did Ana Maria win thanks to this show ?

What was her experience at the awards ceremony ?

From , license BY , in Wikipedia Commons , File La 149 . What are her future career plans ?

How does she prepare ?

How does Ana Maria family her work ?

What do you think of the interview and the interaction between the actress and the interviewer ?

On language . The following words are commonly used in Colombia . Knowing them will help you to better understand what happens in the show .

150 a de la Hispanic Cultures Through the Screen or la , que la cabeza de gallo Man a bola Pe el a penal ' a Brave , amazing , outstanding Waste of money Apparently , it seems Distract get confused mess up things . Snob Skinny Fill someones head with lies or Concerns Ok To tease , to make fun of someone Guy Blonde Pay attention , notice Ask someone out Young person I sorry ! What a shame ! What up ! Soup made with different meats and vegetables Snitch Long black coffee Nonsense , foolishness .

La 151 Woman ( of any age ) El usted informal According to the standard norm , usted is the formal way to address someone in Spanish and ta , is the informal one . However , in some areas of Colombia , usted is used in both formal and informal situations . Thus , family and friends commonly use usted to address each other , like in the show La Nina . Who says ?

Match the name of each character with one of the quotes from the show below . mother ) Manuel Colonel Tatiana Father . I prayed , over and over , asking the Virgin to give me just one chance to see her again . To see her again and to beg her to forgive me . To forgive me for treating her badly . To forgive me for not being there . To forgive me for not being able to protect her or keep her from being . There are many people hoping you do change . Many people saying that girl is not going to change . And that why we here . To shut them up . and I might be romantic . Foolish , but you know what ?

I think you can change . Sara , life is giving you an opportunity , a chance to start from scratch . To change your life , to leave the guerrilla life behind . You want to be a doctor ?

Do it . Silence everybody . But you only got one chance , Sara . waste . You can rest assured that those who did it will pay . For us in the Human Rights it a priority to rehabilitate minors who have been taken by armed groups that operate outside the law . We have to do whatever it takes to give them their lives back . All those stolen . Doctor , you think that you can forget eight years of war in one day ?

That what were here for . To give those kids something from this side , because war is tough and attractive . These kids have been in combat , had weapons . Had power , sex , adrenaline , and we offer them candy . Study son , work son , be better , competition is . I was thinking about yesterday . To be honest with you , I disagree . I do think we just memories together . You know what ?

Yes , we are memories , but that not a bad thing . This is the only way in which we can survive . The good thing is we came back to life , and we not ghosts . Because we alive . Can you imagine spending your life with someone without memories ?

That the deal with your school friends . Like that guy , Santiago , he a good guy and all , but , he does have a life , that why he interested in you , he wants to live through you . And I completely sure that only with someone like you , I could deal with , and understand all those memories . The good and the bad . Without them without being destroyed . I just wanted to tell you that I love you . I really love you , do ever forget that .

152 a de la Hispanic Cultures Through the Screen . Plot . What happened ?

Select events from the series that , in your opinion , are relevant . Describe them and explain why they are relevant for the story . Description It is important because Event Event Event Event Event . Characters . Who are they ?

Do the following activities to learn more about the characters in he show and the relationships between them . is the protagonist of the series and represents children forced to in armed groups in Colombia . Answer the questions below to learn more about her story a ) Why does she have two names ( Sara and ) How did she get to be with the guerrillas ?

How is her life in the juvenile center ?

Does she get along with the rest of the children and teenagers there ?

What is the protagonists dream ?

What or who inspired that dream ?

What obstacles does she have to face to achieve it ?

Think of a word that describes relationship with the rest of characters . As a group , explain why you chose that word . Family Men in uniform Mother Barragan Father Sisters In the juvenile center At the university Tatiana Dean Father Professors Manuel Classmates

La 153 Fill out the table with information on the characters in uniform from the series . Colonel Luis Colonel Javier Barragan He is part of the guerrilla or the army ?

Army What does he do in his role ?

What do they look like ?

What is his personality like ?

How do they treat ?

What do they want from her ?

Scenes . A closer look Think about some scenes from the show and answer the questions . Episode . Guerrilla and Army . guerrilla group arrives in a town where the army has set up a health camp . Why has the army come to the town ?

And the guerrillas ?

What actions does each group perform in this scene ?

What happens to the townspeople ?

After this , changes her mind about the guerrilla leader , Why ?

What does do that causes her to no longer admire or respect him ?

Episode . At the movies . and Manuel are watching a movie at the theater . How do you think they feel ?

After the movie , Manuel goes to the bathroom . What happens to him there ?

Who helps him ?

Why did Manuel react that way ?

Why did Manuel father send his son to the paramilitaries ?

Episode . Interview at the university . In order for to get admitted to the prestigious private university to study Medicine , she has to do an interview with the dean and several professors . In that interview there are four students besides What do they all have in common ?

What is different ?

Although the students come from very different social classes , they have all managed to get an access interview . In a way , the series tells us that everyone has the same opportunity to study And yet , what did each of them have to do to get this interview ?

The clean wishes for to fail the interview so that his daughter will take that place . What does he do to make things for ?

Who helps ?

How ?

What does this person have in common with ?

10 . Analysis Complete the following activities to delve into the themes of the show .

154 a de la Hispanic Cultures Through the Screen Note La raises the issue of national reconciliation after years of civil in Colombia through the of the to arouse the sympathies of the audience towards the protagonist and her successful reintegration in civil life . This is not the only that the series deals with . Divisions for reasons of and economic status also generate social friction . To mitigate this friction , the series offers the same formula as for the reintegration of former guerrillas or paramilitaries if we all collaborate , if we all do our part , if we all adapt to the new circumstances and compromise , we will achieve the desired goal of a society . Going from guerrilla to civilian life is not easy , but in the process , receives the help of various characters . We will call this group the Answer the questions to know more about them . Colonel protects when she is arrested , and calls Tatiana to talk with the girl . Then the doctor transfers her to the juvenile reintegration center run by Father . How do these three characters help ?

What personality traits do they show ?

What values do they defend ?

Think of concrete scenes in the series when these values and personality traits are shown . Both the army and the juvenile center depend on the government . In other words , these three characters carry out the Colombian government policy regarding child soldiers in the series . What is that governmental policy ?

Manuel is in the juvenile center and he is another of allies . He encourages her to study , protects her and helps her face her fears and insecurities . When they meet , Manuel tells that he was a , that is , he was part of the paramilitary groups . These were illegal armed groups that fought against the guerrillas and also used child soldiers in their actions . Are Manuel and alike ?

How are they different ?

What are Manuel plans for the future ?

What does Manuel tell about his time with the paramilitaries ?

Are there other young characters in the series that had been part of the guerrillas or the paramilitaries ?

What traits and behaviors do they show ?

Compare them to and Manuel . How are they alike and how are they different ?

Even though Manuel and had been in sides during their involvement in the , now that the two have returned to civilian life , they star in the main love story of the series . How does their romance with the series reconciliation proposal ?

reunion with her family is not easy . At times , they do not seem very happy that she is back . How do family members react to return ?

What do they think of her and her time with the guerrillas ?

What are they worried about ?

Do they change their mind as the story progresses ?

In what sense ?

The Dream . is determined to be a doctor and to achieve that goal she makes many . Precisely , her determination to accomplish a goal that society ( to become someone who heals other people ) helps the rest of the characters accept her despite her past with the guerrilla group . Why does want to be a doctor ?

What obstacles must she face to study medicine ?

experiences with the guerrillas have provided her with some knowledge and personal characteristics that are extremely useful in a doctor , such as keeping calm in the middle of a crisis and a remarkable capacity for observation and attention to detail . Discuss with a classmate a scene from the series where we can see guerrilla knowledge and experience applied in civilian life to save lives or to make a diagnosis . Violence and Models of Masculinity . The series argues for a total rejection of violence , and one way to

La 155 present this idea is through two opposing models of masculinity that are distinguished , one , by violence and aggression and , another model , that is by care and protection . The show channels the sympathy of the public towards the second model . Classify the male characters in the series in the table below along with some of their most relevant characteristics and behaviors . Then , discuss what these two models of masculinity have in common . Warrior model Protector model Names of the characters Physical characteristics Personality traits How do they treat ?

How do they treat other women in the show ?

Describe a key scene where we can see this model in action . Resolving economic and social differences . classmates in medical school come from different economic and social backgrounds . Among her closest peers are Victor , Natalia , Santiago and . What is the economic background of these characters ?

What characteristics from their appearance , clothing , way of speaking , or behavior indicate that they belong to a certain social class ?

Fill out he table with the information . Victor Natalia Santiago Economic Appearance Way of speaking Lodging Reason why they study medicine Personality traits ( values and principles they show ) At first , characters reject , but they end up accepting her and it seems that they become friends . What is these characters attitude towards in the beginning ?

What causes their dislike ?

How does their attitude change ?

Does something special happen that makes them change ?

Regarding professors , do they behave in the same way as this group of students ?

Do they accept as a regular student at the school or do they reject her ?

156 a de la Hispanic Cultures Through the Screen 11 . Final assignment As discussed in the series , children and young people who were members of armed groups participated in violent and illegal actions , such as kidnappings , extortion , or armed assaults . Many people thought that these young people would never be able to return to a normal life . Other people considered that they did not deserve a second chance , since they had participated in criminal actions and thus they were lost for society . Choose a character from the and write a on the series topic from that character point of view . You have to put yourself in that person shoes and present his or her opinion and arguments . Characters Someone whose father was kidnapped by the guerrillas for two years . A soldier who was seriously wounded in a against the guerrillas . A young man who was a member of one of the paramilitary groups . The director of a rehabilitation center for minors who have been part of armed groups . The father of a former guerrilla who is now participating in a rehabilitation program .

La I i on Title La Developed by Directors Rodrigo and Vega Script Release 2016 Country Colombia Ana Maria ( Starring Sebastian ( Manuel ) Carlos ( Commander ) Juan Sebastian ( Colonel ) Tatiana ) Diego Vasquez ( Colonel Barragan ) Production Distributor Caracal Television Music Te invite by the group de 11 India Catalina Awards in 2017 ( National Film Industry Awards Awards . from Colombia ) More information 86 episodes . Available on References 157 Final para la del conflicts la de una paz . de la de Colombia Armadas de del Pueblo , 2016 , 11 May 2021 . General para la del la de una paz Agreement for the Termination of the . de la de Colombia Armadas de del Pueblo , 2012 , 11 May 2021 .

158 a de la Hispanic Cultures Through the Screen Ana Maria de la de La Nina Night Youtube , uploaded by Dante Night Show , July 2017 , 11 May 2021 . Colombia , Ley de de . de memoria , 10 May 2021 . Colombia dice No las del en , 2016 , 10 May 2021 . Commons ( Colombian political party ) Wikipedia The Free Foundation , 10 May 2021 , 12 May 2021 . Rafael . Colombia Cuatro de los de paz un de . Carolina , 39 , 2020 , 10 May 2021 . La . Created by , 2016 . Marlene . Explainer Bloody protests in Colombia leave at least 26 , May , 2021 , 12 May 2021 Revolutionary Armed Forces of Wikipedia The Free Foundation , May 2021 , 12 May 2021 . in Wikipedia The Free Foundation , May 2021 , 10 May 2021 .